Securing components and routes according to user roles is crucial in contemporary online applications. A technique known as role-based access control, or RBAC, permits or prohibits users from accessing specific areas of an application according to the responsibilities they have been allocated. This post will show you how to use role-based logic, services, and route guards to construct RBAC in Angular and manage access throughout your application.

What is RBAC?
Role-Based Access Control is a security mechanism that,

• Assigns users to roles (like Admin, Editor, User).
• Defines permissions for each role.
• Restricts or allows access to routes, components, or actions based on the user’s role.

Prerequisites
Before implementing RBAC, ensure,

• You have authentication set up (e.g., JWT-based login).
• Roles are retrievable from the backend or the token.
• Angular project is initialized with routing (@angular/router).
• Step-by-Step Implementation

1. Define Roles and User Model
// user.model.ts
export interface User {
  username: string;
  token: string;
  roles: string[]; // e.g., ['Admin', 'User']
}

2. Authentication Service with Role Info
// auth.service.ts
import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';

@Injectable({
  providedIn: 'root'
})
export class AuthService {
  private currentUser: User | null = null;

  constructor() {
    const userData = localStorage.getItem('user');
    if (userData) {
      this.currentUser = JSON.parse(userData);
    }
  }

  getUser(): User | null {
    return this.currentUser;
  }

  hasRole(role: string): boolean {
    return this.currentUser?.roles.includes(role) ?? false;
  }

  hasAnyRole(roles: string[]): boolean {
    return roles.some(role => this.hasRole(role));
  }
}

3. Create a Role Guard
// role.guard.ts
import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
import {
  CanActivate,
  ActivatedRouteSnapshot,
  RouterStateSnapshot,
  Router
} from '@angular/router';
import { AuthService } from './auth.service';

@Injectable({
  providedIn: 'root'
})
export class RoleGuard implements CanActivate {
  constructor(private authService: AuthService, private router: Router) {}

  canActivate(route: ActivatedRouteSnapshot): boolean {
    const expectedRoles = route.data['roles'] as string[];
    if (this.authService.hasAnyRole(expectedRoles)) {
      return true;
    }

    // Redirect to access denied or login
    this.router.navigate(['/access-denied']);
    return false;
  }
}

4. Use the Role Guard in Routes
// app-routing.module.ts
const routes: Routes = [
  {
    path: 'admin',
    component: AdminDashboardComponent,
    canActivate: [RoleGuard],
    data: { roles: ['Admin'] }
  },
  {
    path: 'editor',
    component: EditorComponent,
    canActivate: [RoleGuard],
    data: { roles: ['Editor', 'Admin'] }
  },
  {
    path: 'access-denied',
    component: AccessDeniedComponent
  }
];

5. Show/Hide UI Based on Roles (Optional)
<!-- in component template -->
<div *ngIf="authService.hasRole('Admin')">
  <button>Edit Settings</button>
</div>

Best Practices for Angular RBAC

• Always secure routes with guards; never rely solely on front-end UI logic.
• Store roles securely (e.g., in JWT tokens, not just localStorage).
• Refresh user roles upon login or token refresh.
• Keep RBAC logic centralized inside services and guards.
• Pair RBAC with backend authorization to fully protect APIs.

Conclusion
Implementing RBAC in Angular ensures that your application is secure, maintainable, and scalable. Using route guards, role-aware services, and conditional templates, you can easily control who gets access to what. With this setup, you now have a robust way to protect routes and features based on user roles in your Angular apps. 
Happy coding !!

Angular components go through a lifecycle from creation to destruction. Understanding this lifecycle is crucial for writing clean, efficient, and bug-free Angular applications. Angular provides lifecycle hooks that allow developers to tap into these key moments, such as initialization, change detection, and destruction. In this article, we'll explore the most commonly used Angular lifecycle hooks with practical examples and real-world use cases.

What Are Lifecycle Hooks?
Lifecycle hooks are special TypeScript methods that Angular calls automatically at specific points in a component's lifecycle.

They are defined in Angular’s core and include:
    ngOnInit()
    ngOnChanges()
    ngDoCheck()
    ngAfterViewInit()
    ngAfterViewChecked()
    ngAfterContentInit()
    ngAfterContentChecked()
    ngOnDestroy()

1. ngOnChanges()

• Purpose: Called when any data-bound property (@Input()) changes.
• Timing: Runs before ngOnInit() and whenever an input changes thereafter.
• Use Case: Useful when a parent component updates an input value, and the child needs to act on it.

Example
@Input() userId: number;

ngOnChanges(changes: SimpleChanges) {
  if (changes.userId) {
    this.fetchUser(changes.userId.currentValue);
  }
}

2. ngOnInit()

• Purpose: Called once after the component is initialized.
• Timing: After the first ngOnChanges().
• Use Case: Initialize component data (like API calls, default values, subscriptions).

Example
ngOnInit() {
  this.loadDashboardData();
}

3. ngDoCheck()

• Purpose: Called during every change detection cycle.
• Timing: After ngOnChanges() and ngOnInit(), and on every change thereafter.
• Use Case: Custom change detection logic (e.g., detecting changes in deep objects or arrays).

Example
ngDoCheck() {
  if (this.previousLength !== this.items.length) {
    this.previousLength = this.items.length;
    this.onListLengthChanged();
  }
}

Note. Use with caution, as it can lead to performance issues.

4. ngAfterContentInit()

• Purpose: Called once after Angular projects external content into the component.
• Timing: After content has been initialized via ng-content.
• Use Case: Manipulating projected content.

Example
ngAfterContentInit() {
  console.log('Content projected!');
}

5. ngAfterContentChecked()

• Purpose: Called after every check of the projected content.
• Timing: After every change detection cycle for ng-content.
• Use Case: Debugging or Verifying Content Changes.

Example
ngAfterContentChecked() {
  console.log('Projected content checked.');
}

6. ngAfterViewInit()

• Purpose: Called once after the component’s view (and child views) are initialized.
• Timing: After Angular sets up the DOM, including @ViewChild queries.
• Use Case: Interacting with DOM elements.

Example
@ViewChild('inputRef') input: ElementRef;

ngAfterViewInit() {
  this.input.nativeElement.focus(); // Safe to access now
}

7. ngAfterViewChecked()
Purpose: Called after every check of the component’s views.
Timing: After Angular updates the view and child views.
Use Case: Responding to changes in the component’s view (use sparingly).

Example
ngAfterViewChecked() {
  console.log('View checked.');
}

8. ngOnDestroy()

• Purpose: Called just before Angular destroys the component.
• Timing: Before component removal from the DOM.
• Use Case: Cleanup logic like unsubscribing Observables, detaching event listeners, and clearing timers.

Example
subscription: Subscription;

ngOnInit() {
  this.subscription = this.dataService.getData().subscribe(...);
}

ngOnDestroy() {
  this.subscription.unsubscribe(); // Prevent memory leaks
}

Best Practices

• Prefer ngOnInit over constructor() for initialization logic.
• Always clean up in ngOnDestroy() to prevent memory leaks.
• Use ngDoCheck and ngAfterViewChecked only when necessary due to performance cost.
• Keep each lifecycle hook focused, and avoid cluttering with unrelated logic.

Conclusion
Understanding and using Angular’s lifecycle hooks gives you deeper control over your component behavior, especially when dealing with asynchronous data, view rendering, or external libraries.

Whether you’re initializing data, responding to changes, or cleaning up resources, lifecycle hooks help ensure your Angular app remains performant and maintainable.

Happy coding!

If you want to extend your ABP. IO application with a custom module, like Vineforce.Test—this guide is for you. Whether you’re building a new feature or organizing your code into reusable parts, creating a custom module helps keep your application clean, scalable, and maintainable. In this guide, we’ll walk through the full integration process step by step, covering both the backend and the Angular frontend. You’ll learn how to properly register the module, configure dependencies, and connect the UI layer to your logic. By the end, you’ll have a working module that’s fully integrated into your ABP.IO solution, following best practices.

No guesswork, no skipping steps, just a clear path to getting your custom module up and running.

Prerequisites
Step 1. Install ABP CLI
If not already installed, run the following command.
dotnet tool install -g Volo.Abp.Cli

Step 2. Create the main Apb.io application with the name “Vineforce.Admin”
abp new Vineforce.Admin -t app -u angular -m none --separate-auth-server --database-provider ef -csf

It creates the structure of the backend of the main ABP application as follows.

Step 3. Configure appsettings.json of the main ABP.IO
Edit the appsettings.json files in the two projects below to include the correct connection strings.

Projects

• Vineforce.Admin.HttpApi.Host
• Vineforce.Admin.DbMigrator

Step 4. Create the Module folder in the main application as Follow the official guide to create your module.

If you choose Angular as the UI framework (by using the -u angular option), the generated solution will include a folder named angular. This folder contains all the client-side code for the application.

Example: A module named Vineforce.Test was created using the Angular UI option.

Step 1. When you open the Angular folder in an IDE, the folder structure will appear as follows.

Step 2. And the backend structure is as follows.

Step 3. Configure appsettings.json.

Edit the appsettings.json file in the Host projects to include the correct connection strings.

Projects
    Vineforce.Test.AuthServer
    Vineforce.Test.HttpApi.Host
    Vineforce.Test.Web.Unified

"ConnectionStrings": { "Default": "Server=servername;Database=Test_Main;Trusted_Connection=True;TrustServerCertificate=True", "Test": "Server=VINEFORCE-SHIVA;Database=Test_Module;Trusted_Connection=True;TrustServerCertificate=True" }

Make sure the server names and database details match your development environment.

Step 4. Apply Database Update.
In the Package Manager Console (under the EntityFrameworkCore project), run.

Update-Database

Step 5. Run the Application.
Set Vineforce.Test.Web.Unified as the startup project and launch the application using the default credentials.
    Username: admin
    Password: 1q2w3E*

Step 6. Ensure Redis Is Running.
Redis is used for distributed caching. Make sure Redis is installed and running before starting the application.

Step 7. Application Startup Order.
Run the following projects in order
*.AuthServer or *.IdentityServer
*.HttpApi.Host
*.Web.Unified

Step 8. Adding a Module to the Backend of the Main Application.
cd C:\Users\Vineforce\source\repos\AbpAdmin

Step 9. Add All Required Projects of the module to the Main ABP.IO Solution.

To include various parts of your module (such as Domain, Application, EntityFrameworkCore, and HttpApi) in the main ABP solution, run the following commands.
dotnet sln add modules\vineforce.test\src\Vineforce.Test.Domain\Vineforce.Test.Domain.csproj
dotnet sln add modules\vineforce.test\src\Vineforce.Test.Application\Vineforce.Test.Application.csproj
dotnet sln add modules\vineforce.test\src\Vineforce.Test.EntityFrameworkCore\Vineforce.Test.EntityFrameworkCore.csproj
dotnet sln add modules\vineforce.test\src\Vineforce.Test.HttpApi\Vineforce.Test.HttpApi.csproj

Projects are added as follows.

Add Project References Using Visual Studio
In the Vineforce.Admin.HttpApi.Host project: Right-click the project and select “Add” → “Project Reference”.

Step 1. In the dialog that appears, check the following projects.
    Vineforce.Test.Application
    Vineforce.Test.EntityFrameworkCore
    Vineforce.Test.HttpApi

Step 2. Click OK to confirm and add the references.

Step 3. After adding the project > reference, here you can add all module references you want.

Register Module Dependencies in AdminHttpApiHostModule.cs.
In AdminHttpApiHostModule.cs, update the [DependsOn(...)] attribute:.

typeof(TestHttpApiModule),
typeof(TestApplicationModule),
typeof(TestEntityFrameworkCoreModule),
typeof(TestDomainSharedModule)

Also, add the necessary using statements.
using Vineforce.Test;
using Vineforce.Test.EntityFrameworkCore;

Configure the Module in the EntityFrameworkCore Project
To ensure that schema, table mappings, and other Entity Framework configurations from the module are applied in the main ABP.IO application, follow these steps.

Add a Project Reference.

• Right-click on the Vineforce.Admin.EntityFrameworkCore project.
• Select Add → Project Reference.
• Check and add: Vineforce.Test.EntityFrameworkCore

Update the DbContext Configuration

• Open AdminDbContext.cs.
• Inside the OnModelCreating method, add the following line to apply the module’s configuration.

builder.ConfigureTest();

You can verify this by navigating to Vineforce.Test.The EntityFrameworkCore module and opening the TestDbContext class.

Apply Migrations to Update the Database Schema
After completing the integration steps, you need to apply Entity Framework migrations to reflect the module’s schema changes in the database.

Option 1. Using PowerShell or Terminal.
Open a PowerShell or terminal window.
Navigate to the EntityFrameworkCore project directory of your main application, for example:cd src/Vineforce.Admin.EntityFrameworkCore.
Run the following command to create a new migration.
dotnet ef migrations add Add_Test_Module

Option 2. Using the Package Manager Console in Visual Studio.

• Open the Package Manager Console (Tools → NuGet Package Manager → Package Manager Console).
• Set the Default Project to src\Vineforce.Admin.EntityFrameworkCore.
• Run the following command.

PM> Add-Migration Add_Test_Module

This will generate a new migration that includes all Entity Framework changes from the integrated module.

Then run the following command to apply the migration and update the database.
Update-Database

Steps to add the module application to the main ABP.IO application
Step 1. Build the Angular Module.
Navigate to the module’s frontend directory and build the module using the Angular CLI.
ng build test --configuration production

This command compiles the test Angular module in production mode and outputs the build artifacts to the dist folder.

Output folder: C:\Users\Vineforce\source\repos\AbpAdmin\modules\Vineforce.Test\angular\dist

Step 2. Copy Module Output to Main App.
Go to your main app’s angular folder: C:\Users\Vineforce\source\repos\AbpAdmin\angular
Create a project folder inside it.
Copy the test folder from the dist directory into the projects.
Final path: C:\Users\Vineforce\source\repos\AbpAdmin\angular\projects\test

Step 3. Update App Routing.
Open app-routing.module.ts in the main app
C:\Users\Vineforce\source\repos\AbpAdmin\angular\src\app\app-routing.module.ts.

In app-routing.module.ts, import the module’s routing configuration and add it to the main route definitions.
{
  path: 'test',
  loadChildren: () =>
    import('test').then(m => m.TestModule.forLazy())
}

Step 4. Link the Module in package.json
Open the package.json file having path C:\Users\Vineforce\source\repos\AbpAdmin\angular add the following line under the “dependencies” section to link your local module.
"test": "file:projects/test"

Then install dependencies.
npm install

You can now see the Test Module API controller in the Swagger UI of the main application.

You can now log in to the main application. The Test module now appears in the main application. You can add, edit, or delete items according to the assigned permissions.

Country ‘Russia’ has been added. You can view, edit, or delete it on the page.

You can grant or revoke permission on the following page.

Now, Edit permission has been disabled for the current user/page.

Currently, the delete option is visible, but the edit option is not showing on the pagepermission has been disabled for the current user/page.

This walk will teach you how to use the Angular component to run and call JavaScript methods.

How it’s implemented and what is the description?

• Create Angular project - AnguWalk.
• Run the application and check that the project was created successfully.
• Create JS file with function.
• Adding JS file link/reference to angular.json
• Component (TS file) coding.
• Execute the Project
• Output

Create an Angular Project called “AnguWalk” using the following CLI command.

Command
ng new AnguWalk

Example

Go inside the project folder and open the Visual Studio code.
Command
cd anguwalk
<enter>
code .
<enter>

Example

Note. Visual Studio code will get started only if your system is configured with path and settings.

Create Javascript file
First, create a JS folder inside the SRC folder.
Right-click on SRC and select the option New Folder.
    Create a file called WelcomeMsg.js.

    function HelloMsg(arg) {
        alert("Welcome to Angular Class - " + arg);
    }

Reference JS File in angular.json file
The Angular.json file is located inside the project root folder. Open and update the SCRIPTS array which is inside the builds object.
"scripts": [
    "src/js/WelcomeMsg.js"
]

Open app.component.html and update the code.
Note. Remove the default code of app.component.html.
import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
import { RouterOutlet } from '@angular/router';

declare function HelloMsg(arg: any): void;

@Component({
  selector: 'app-root',
  standalone: true,
  imports: [RouterOutlet],
  templateUrl: './app.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['./app.component.css']
})
export class AppComponent implements OnInit {

  ngOnInit() {
    HelloMsg("Ashish, Suhana");
  }

  title = 'AnguWalk';
}

Now, run the project to check the output.

Command
ng serve --open

Output

You see the javascript HelloMsg function executed and the alert window displayed successfully.

Happy Coding!

This article describes how to use AngularJS to dynamically alter the style in a variety of ways.

Three distinct methods for dynamic style changes are offered by AngularJS. People are constantly looking for ways to dynamically update their style, and AngularJS can help them in three different ways.

Step 1: You must first add an external Angular.js file to your application. You can do this by downloading my source code, visiting the official AngularJS website, or by clicking this link: ANGULARJS.

<head runat="server">
    <title></title>
    <script src="angular.min.js"></script>
</head>

Step 2. Now I will create some simple CSS classes to be applied dynamically, or you can say at runtime.
<style>
    .changeColor {
        color: blue;
    }
    .changeSize {
        font-size: 30px;
    }
    .italic {
        font-style: italic;
    }
</style>

Here I have created three classes, namely changeColor, changeSize, and italic. The first CSS Class is used for changing the color of the text to Blue, the second is for changing the text size and the last one is for making the Text Italic.

Now we have created the classes to be applied, we need to work on the ViewModel or design part of our application where simple coding needs to be done to apply the change in CSS.

First Method
In the first method, objects of the classes are created that are called using the ng-model, let's see this by implementing it in our application as in the following.
<p ng-class="{changeColor: Color, changeSize: Size, italic: Italic}">
    Changes Will be Seen in Me
</p>
<input type="checkbox" ng-model="Color"> Change Color (apply "changeColor" class)<br>
<input type="checkbox" ng-model="Size"> Change Size (apply "changeSize" class)<br>
<input type="checkbox" ng-model="Italic"> Make it Italic (apply "italic" class)

Here I have applied the CSS to a <p> Tag, and classes are applied using the ng-class directive, here in the ng-class you can see that I have created an object of each class such as for changeColor, "Color" is created.

After this I applied the binding using the ng-model, I created three checkboxes and in each checkbox ng-model is applied, each ng-model provides the binding using the objects created in the ng-class.

So, If we check the first checkbox then the color of the text will change to Blue, similarly, if we check the second and third checkboxes then the text size and its style will change.

Let's see the output.

Output
As I run the application and check the checkboxes then this type of output will be seen

Second Method
Now, I will show you the Second Method of applying the CSS dynamically.

In this method, class names will be called to Apply the CSS.
<p ng-class="style">I Will Show Second Method</p>
<input type="text" ng-model="style" placeholder="Type: changeSize changeColor italic">

Here you can see that in the ng-class I have passed the complete style, since I have passed the style in ng-class it will call all the classes that are created in that style.

Then I created a TextBox to which the style is bound using the ng-model, whatever name is provided in the TextBox, the same style will be applied to the text provided through the <p> tag. If the the name provided in the TextBox doesn't match the CSS Class than nothing will happen to the text and nothing will be applied.

Let's see the output.

Output

Third Method
Now, I will show you the Third Method for applying the CSS dynamically.

In this method, CSS classes will be called in the order they were created.
<p ng-class="[style1, style2, style3]">Using Array Syntax</p>
<input ng-model="style1" placeholder="Type: changeSize, changeColor or italic"><br>
<input ng-model="style2" placeholder="Type: changeSize, changeColor or italic"><br>
<input ng-model="style3" placeholder="Type: changeSize, changeColor or italic"><br>

Here you can see that I have applied the CSS to the <p> tag using the ng-class but this time I have called the classes by the order they were created, style1 is automatically bound to the first class, similarly style2 and style3 are bound to the second and third class.

Then I created three Textboxes that are bound to style 1, 2, and 3 separately, whatever CSS name is provided in these textboxes, the same CSS class will be applied to the Text provided in the <p> tag.

Let's see the output.

Output

The complete code of this application is as follows.
<html ng-app xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<head runat="server">
    <title></title>
    <script src="angular.min.js"></script>
    <style>
        .changeColor {
            color: blue;
        }
        .changeSize {
            font-size: 30px;
        }
        .italic {
            font-style: italic;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <p ng-class="{changeColor: Color, changeSize: Size, italic: Italic}">Changes Will be Seen in Me</p>
    <input type="checkbox" ng-model="Color"> Change Color (apply "changeColor" class)<br>
    <input type="checkbox" ng-model="Size"> Change Size (apply "changeSize" class)<br>
    <input type="checkbox" ng-model="Italic"> Make it Italic (apply "italic" class)
    <hr>
    <p ng-class="style">I Will Show Second Method</p>
    <input type="text" ng-model="style" placeholder="Type: changeSize changeColor italic">
    <hr>
    <p ng-class="[stle1, stle2, stle3]">I Will Show Third Method</p>
    <input ng-model="stle1" placeholder="Type: changeSize, changeColor or italic"><br>
    <input ng-model="stle2" placeholder="Type: changeSize, changeColor or italic"><br>
    <input ng-model="stle3" placeholder="Type: changeSize, changeColor or italic"><br>
</body>
</html>

The problem "Request Failed: The request was aborted: Could not create SSL/TLS secure channel" appeared when I attempted to run some load tests in Visual Studio recently.

Those load tests were functioning properly before they abruptly ceased. After looking into it, I discovered that our production server's support for the TLS protocol had changed lately, and that TLS 1.2 support has now been implemented.

So, the cause is the recent change on the server, but now we must find the solution to resolve the issue and run the load test in Visual Studio.

Solutions
We need to create a Web Performance Test Plug-In to resolve this issue.

• Open a Web performance and load test project that contains a Web load test.
• In Solution Explorer, right-click on the solution select Add, and then choose New Project. The Add New Project dialog box is displayed.
• Under Installed Templates, select Visual C#.
• In the list of templates, select Class Library.
• In the Name text box, type a name for your class. Choose OK.

• The new class library project is added to Solution Explorer and the new class appears in the Code Editor.
• In Solution Explorer, right-click the References folder in the new class library and select Add Reference.
• The Add Reference dialog box is displayed.
• Choose the .NET tab, scroll down, and select Microsoft.VisualStudio.QualityTools.WebTestFramework. Choose OK.
• The reference to Microsoft.VisualStudio.QualityTools.WebTestFramework is added to the Reference folder in Solution Explorer.

• In Solution Explorer, right-click on the top node of the Web performance and load test project that contains the load test to which you want to add the Web performance test plug-in and select Add Reference.
  The Add Reference dialog box is displayed. Choose the Projects tab and select the Class Library Project. Choose OK.

In the Code Editor, write the code of your plug-in. First, create a new public class that derives from WebTestPlugin.
Implement code inside one or more of the event handlers.
public class Tls12ForcedPlugin : WebTestPlugin
{
    [Description("Enable or Disable the plugin functionality")]
    [DefaultValue(true)]
    public bool Enabled { get; set; }

    public override void PreWebTest(object sender, PreWebTestEventArgs e)
    {
        base.PreWebTest(sender, e);

        // We're using SSL2 here and not TLS. Without this line, nothing works.
        ServicePointManager.SecurityProtocol = (SecurityProtocolType)(0xc00); // SecurityProtocolType.Ssl2;

        // we wire up the callback so we can override  behavior and force it to accept the cert
        ServicePointManager.ServerCertificateValidationCallback = RemoteCertificateValidationCB;

        // let them know we made changes to the service point manager
        e.WebTest.AddCommentToResult(this.ToString() + " PP has made the following modification-> ServicePointManager.SecurityProtocol set to use SSLv3 in WebTest Plugin.");
    }

    public static bool RemoteCertificateValidationCB(Object sender, X509Certificate certificate, X509Chain chain, SslPolicyErrors sslPolicyErrors)
    {
        // If it is really important, validate the certificate issuer here.
        // this will accept any certificate
        return true;
    }
}

If you are using Framework 4.0 then you may get the error SecurityProtocolType.Ssl2 not found.

For other Framework
SecurityProtocolType.Tls | SecurityProtocolType.Tls11 | SecurityProtocolType.Tls12

For Framework 4.0
(SecurityProtocolType)(0xc0 | 0x300 | 0xc00)

After you have written the code, build the new project.

• Open a Web performance test. To add the Web performance test plug-in, choose Add Web Test Plug-in on the toolbar.
• The Add Web Test Plug-in dialog box is displayed. Under Select a plug-in, select your Web performance test plug-in class.

In the Properties for the selected plug-in pane, set the initial values for the plug-in to use at run time. Choose OK.

The plug-in is added to the Web Test Plug-ins folder.

Now if you try to run the load test, it will run fine.

This post will teach us how to use the Ionic framework to construct a mobile application. Using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, we can create high-quality mobile applications using Ionic, an open-source UI tool that integrates with well-known frameworks like Angular, React, and Vue.

Both the iOS and Android platforms are supported.

Pre-requisite
To start with Ionic Framework, the only requirement is a Node & npm environment, Andriod Studio, command line interface, and Visual Studio code as a code editor.

Step 1. Install ionic
The first step is we need to install ionic tooling. Run the below command to install ionic CLI.

• native-run: Used to run native binaries on devices and simulators/emulators.
• cordova-res: Used to generate icons and splash screens for the native app.

npm install -g @ionic/cli native-run cordova-res

Step 2. Create an Application.
Run the below command to create an ionic application. We will create a calculator for this article’s explanation. Check out the below screen prints for command execution.

ionic start calculator

Step 3. Write an Application Code
home.page.html
<ion-header [translucent]="true">
  <ion-toolbar>
    <ion-title>
      Calculator
    </ion-title>
  </ion-toolbar>
</ion-header>

<ion-content [fullscreen]="true">
  <ion-header collapse="condense">
    <ion-toolbar>
      <ion-title size="large">Blank</ion-title>
    </ion-toolbar>
  </ion-header>

  <div id="container">
    <div class="jumbotron col-sm-4 p-2 m-0 bg-inverse mx-auto" style="border: 1px solid lightgray; border-radius: 2%;">
      <label style="font-weight: bolder;">Input</label>
      <div class="input-group input-group-sm col-sm-12 m-0 p-0">
        <div class="col-sm-12 form-control text-lg-right" type="text">{{input}}</div>
      </div>
      <label style="font-weight: bolder;">Result</label>
      <div class="input-group input-group-sm col-sm-12 m-0 p-0">
        <div class="form-control text-sm-right" type="text">{{result}}</div>
      </div>
      <div class="col-sm-12 p-1 m-0">
        <button class="btn btn-info col-sm-6" type="button" (click)="allClear()">C</button>
        <button class="btn btn-warning col-sm-3" type="button" (click)="clear()">x</button>
        <button class="btn btn-secondary col-sm-3" type="button" (click)="pressOperator('/')">/</button>
      </div>
      <div class="col-sm-12 p-1 m-0">
        <button class="btn btn-outline-secondary col-sm-3 p-1" type="button" (click)="clickNum('7')">7</button>
        <button class="btn btn-outline-secondary col-sm-3 p-1" type="button" (click)="clickNum('8')">8</button>
        <button class="btn btn-outline-secondary col-sm-3 p-1" type="button" (click)="clickNum('9')">9</button>
        <button class="btn btn-secondary col-sm-3 p-1" type="button" (click)="pressOperator('*')">X</button>
      </div>
      <div class="col-sm-12 p-1 m-0">
        <button class="btn btn-outline-secondary col-sm-3 p-1" type="button" (click)="clickNum('4')">4</button>
        <button class="btn btn-outline-secondary col-sm-3 p-1" type="button" (click)="clickNum('5')">5</button>
        <button class="btn btn-outline-secondary col-sm-3 p-1" type="button" (click)="clickNum('6')">6</button>
        <button class="btn btn-secondary col-sm-3 p-1" type="button" (click)="pressOperator('-')">-</button>
      </div>
      <div class="col-sm-12 p-1 m-0">
        <button class="btn btn-outline-secondary col-sm-3 p-1" type="button" (click)="clickNum('1')">1</button>
        <button class="btn btn-outline-secondary col-sm-3 p-1" type="button" (click)="clickNum('2')">2</button>
        <button class="btn btn-outline-secondary col-sm-3 p-1" type="button" (click)="clickNum('3')">3</button>
        <button class="btn btn-secondary col-sm-3 p-1" type="button" (click)="pressOperator('+')">+</button>
      </div>
      <div class="col-sm-12 p-1 m-0">
        <button class="btn btn-outline-secondary col-sm-3 p-1" type="button" (click)="clickNum('.')">.</button>
        <button class="btn btn-outline-secondary col-sm-3 p-1" type="button" (click)="clickNum('0')">0</button>
        <button class="btn btn-success col-sm-6 p-1" type="button" (click)="getAnswer()">=</button>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</ion-content>

home.page.ts
import { Component } from '@angular/core';

@Component({
  selector: 'app-home',
  templateUrl: 'home.page.html',
  styleUrls: ['home.page.scss'],
})
export class HomePage {
  input: string = '';
  result: string = '';

  clickNum(num: string) {
    // Do Not Allow . more than once
    if (num == ".") {
      if (this.input != "") {
        const lastNum = this.getLastOperand();
        console.log(lastNum.lastIndexOf("."));
        if (lastNum.lastIndexOf(".") >= 0) return;
      }
    }

    // Do Not Allow 0 at beginning.
    // Javascript will throw Octal literals are not allowed in strict mode.
    if (num == "0") {
      if (this.input == "") {
        return;
      }
      const PrevKey = this.input[this.input.length - 1];
      if (PrevKey === '/' || PrevKey === '*' || PrevKey === '-' || PrevKey === '+') {
        return;
      }
    }

    this.input = this.input + num;
    this.calcAnswer();
  }

  getLastOperand() {
    let pos: number;
    console.log(this.input);
    pos = this.input.toString().lastIndexOf("+");
    if (this.input.toString().lastIndexOf("-") > pos) pos = this.input.lastIndexOf("-");
    if (this.input.toString().lastIndexOf("*") > pos) pos = this.input.lastIndexOf("*");
    if (this.input.toString().lastIndexOf("/") > pos) pos = this.input.lastIndexOf("/");
    console.log('Last ' + this.input.substr(pos + 1));
    return this.input.substr(pos + 1);
  }

  pressOperator(op: string) {
    // Do not allow operators more than once
    const lastKey = this.input[this.input.length - 1];
    if (lastKey === '/' || lastKey === '*' || lastKey === '-' || lastKey === '+') {
      return;
    }

    this.input = this.input + op;
    this.calcAnswer();
  }

  clear() {
    if (this.input != "") {
      this.input = this.input.substr(0, this.input.length - 1);
    }
  }

  allClear() {
    this.result = '';
    this.input = '';
  }

  calcAnswer() {
    let formula = this.input;

    let lastKey = formula[formula.length - 1];

    if (lastKey === '.') {
      formula = formula.substr(0, formula.length - 1);
    }

    lastKey = formula[formula.length - 1];

    if (lastKey === '/' || lastKey === '*' || lastKey === '-' || lastKey === '+' || lastKey === '.') {
      formula = formula.substr(0, formula.length - 1);
    }

    console.log("Formula " + formula);
    this.result = eval(formula);
  }

  getAnswer() {
    this.calcAnswer();
    this.input = this.result;
    if (this.input == "0") this.input = "";
  }
}

TypeScript

home.page.scss

#container {
  text-align: center;

  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  top: 50%;
  transform: translateY(-50%);
}

#container strong {
  font-size: 20px;
  line-height: 26px;
}

#container p {
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 22px;

  color: #8c8c8c;

  margin: 0;
}

#container a {
  text-decoration: none;
}

.col-sm-3 {
  flex: 0 0 auto;
  width: 23%;
  margin: 1%;
}

@media (min-width: 576px) {
  .col-sm-3 {
      flex: 0 0 auto;
      width: 23%;
      margin: 1%;
  }
}

.form-control{
  min-height: 30px;
}

Step 4. Add required packages.
We can add third-party packages as per requirements. Here for this demo, I have used Bootstrap to make the UI smooth. Run the below command to install the Bootstrap.

Move to the application path using the below command.
cd calculator
npm i bootstrap bootstrap-icons
ng add @ng-bootstrap/ng-bootstrap

Import bootstrap to styles.scss file located at the root level

Step 5. Run the Application with Browser.
Run the below command to execute the application in a browser.
ionic serve

Once the application starts running in the browser you can check the folder structure and check the www folder created/generated. The www is the folder where all JavaScript code is generated for the application. Like dist folder in an angular application here it is a www. Check out the below screen print for a sample.

Step 6. Install the Android SDK.
Once all application runs on the browser, we now need to run the same application on mobile devices like iOS or Android. For this article demonstration, I’m using an Android device. So I’ll generate the .apk file.

Now, let’s see how we can generate the APK file.

Let’s first run the below command in the terminal of the application path to generate apk.
ionic capacitor build android

If Android Studio is installed it will show a response like the below screen print, otherwise, you need to install Android Studio.

On My machine, I have already Android Studio installed. But you can get Android Studio from the mentioned path and get installed like the below screen print
https://developer.android.com/studio

Android Studio SDK path. Sometimes it takes time to download all required packages and it throws errors like the below screen print.

You can just close the error popup and close the project. It will start downloading pending packages and once all required packages are installed it will show a screen like below with the SDK path.

Step 7. Build the APK.
Once the Android studio setup is done we can build apk file. To build apk file go to android studio -> build -> Build App Bundle(s) / APK(s) -> Build APK(s)

Once APK generated you can click on locate and see the apk file.

Let’s install the APK file on an Android device.

Let’s install the APK file on an Android device.

Installed calculator application.
Let’s run application on the Android mobile device.

Conclusion
In this article, we have learned about the ionic framework. We can use it to create a mobile application of angular application. It supports a cross-platform, we can create an app for Android or ios from the source of angular application. We can even use the core logic same for web, desktop, and mobile applications like services, and API calls and only generate different UI components as per respective like desktop, mobile, or web.

Directives, which are really nothing more than an extension of HTML attributes, are notions that AngularJS offers. The directives ng-init, ng-app, and ng-repeat are a few of them. This post will go over the idea of ng-repeat. In essence, the ng-repeat article is used to tie an array or list of data to HTML controls. For instance, we wish to connect a list of employees into an HTML table or div. Then we can use the ng-repeat directive to do this. So let's start by creating an angular controller and add some data in list of Employees. So our controller will look like the following.

var app = angular.module("mainApp", []);
app.controller('ngRepeatController', function ($scope, $http) {
    $scope.EmpList = [];
    $scope.EmpList.push({ Id: 1, Name: 'User A' });
    $scope.EmpList.push({ Id: 2, Name: 'User B' });
    $scope.EmpList.push({ Id: 3, Name: 'User C' });
    $scope.EmpList.push({ Id: 4, Name: 'User D' });
});

Next, we bind the data to a html table, using the ng-repeat directive. For this, we first bind the controller to a div. and then use the ng-repeat directive on table element. So the code will look like the following.
<div ng-app="mainApp" data-ng-controller="ngRepeatController">
    <table border="1" style="width: 200px">
        <thead>
            <tr>
                <th>Id</th>
                <th>Name</th>
            </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
            <tr data-ng-repeat="Emp in EmpList">
                <td>{{ Emp.Id }}</td>
                <td>{{ Emp.Name }}</td>
            </tr>
        </tbody>
    </table>
</div>

Here we have created a simple html table and applied the ng-repeat on the tr tag of the table. This acts as a for-each loop on the rows and the rows get generated, for the number of records in the EmpList array. That's it, run the code and see the results.

And we are done...Happy coding!

The HttpClient module in Angular has a feature called an HTTP Interceptor that enables developers to examine and modify HTTP requests and answers globally before application logic handles them.  Tasks including adding authorization tokens to headers, logging, resolving failures, and altering requests and answers are all frequently performed by interceptors.

Key Features of HTTP Interceptors

• Middleware for HTTP Requests and Responses: Interceptors sit between the application and the backend, processing all HTTP requests and responses.
• Global Scope: Once an interceptor is configured, it applies to all HTTP requests and responses in the application.
• Chaining: Multiple interceptors can be implemented, and they are executed in the order they are provided.

Benefits of HTTP Interceptors
Following are some of the key benefits of using HTTP Interceptors in Angular.

• Testability and reusability: Interceptors are easy to test in isolation, allowing you to ensure that each interceptor behaves correctly
• Centralized code for cross-cutting concerns: HTTP Interceptors allow you to define logic for common tasks, such as authentication, logging, error handling, or adding headers, in a centralized location.
• Global application-level modifications: Interceptors operate globally, intercepting all HTTP requests and responses made by the Angular application. This means you can apply changes or perform actions consistently across multiple API calls without having to modify each individual request or response manually.
• Error handling and logging: Interceptors can be utilized to handle errors globally, providing a consistent approach to error reporting and handling throughout the application.
• Caching and request/response manipulation: HTTP Interceptors can be leveraged to implement caching mechanisms, reducing redundant requests and optimizing the application’s performance.
• Separation of concerns: By using HTTP Interceptors, you can keep concerns related to data fetching and communication (HTTP) separate from the business logic of your components and services.
• Security and authentication: Interceptors are commonly used to add authorization headers or authentication tokens to outgoing requests. This ensures that the user’s authentication status is automatically included in API calls without the need to explicitly set headers in every request.
• Easy integration with third-party libraries: Interceptors can be used to integrate with third-party libraries or APIs seamlessly. For example, you can apply a specific format to API responses that are expected by a charting library or a data visualization tool.

Logging Interceptor

import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
import {
  HttpEvent,
  HttpInterceptor,
  HttpHandler,
  HttpRequest,
  HttpResponse,
} from '@angular/common/http';
import { Observable, tap } from 'rxjs';

@Injectable()
export class LoggingInterceptor implements HttpInterceptor {
  constructor() {}

  intercept(
    request: HttpRequest<any>,
    next: HttpHandler
  ): Observable<HttpEvent<any>> {
    console.log('Outgoing HTTP request', request);
    return next.handle(request).pipe(
      tap((event: HttpEvent<any>) => {
        console.log('Incoming HTTP response', event);
      })
    );
  }
}

Provide an interceptor in the app module.
import { LoggingInterceptor } from './interceptors/logging.interceptor';

providers: [
  {
    provide: HTTP_INTERCEPTORS,
    useClass: LoggingInterceptor,
    multi: true,
  },
];

Adding Headers to Requests
import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
import {
  HttpRequest,
  HttpHandler,
  HttpEvent,
  HttpInterceptor
} from '@angular/common/http';
import { Observable } from 'rxjs';

@Injectable()
export class HeadersInterceptor implements HttpInterceptor {
  constructor() {}

  intercept(
    request: HttpRequest<unknown>,
    next: HttpHandler
  ): Observable<HttpEvent<unknown>> {
    console.log(request);
    const GUID = 'f4189b26-01af-432c-bcd8-cb4bc7e90980';
    const modifiedRequest = request.clone({
      setHeaders: {
        GUID,
      },
    });
    return next.handle(modifiedRequest);
  }
}

Provide an interceptor in the app module.
import { HeadersInterceptor  } from './interceptors/headers.interceptor'

providers: [
    {
      provide: HTTP_INTERCEPTORS, useClass: HeadersInterceptor, multi: true
    }
  ]

Error Handling Interceptor
import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
import {
  HttpRequest,
  HttpHandler,
  HttpEvent,
  HttpInterceptor,
  HttpErrorResponse,
} from '@angular/common/http';
import { Observable, catchError, throwError } from 'rxjs';

@Injectable()
export class ErrorInterceptor implements HttpInterceptor {
  constructor() {}

  intercept(
    request: HttpRequest<any>,
    next: HttpHandler
  ): Observable<HttpEvent<any>> {
    return next.handle(request).pipe(
      catchError((error: HttpErrorResponse) => {
        // Handle the error here
        console.error('error occurred:', error);
        // throw error as per requirement
        return throwError(error);
      })
    );
  }
}

Provide an interceptor in the app module.
import { ErrorInterceptor } from './interceptors/error.interceptor';

  providers: [
    {
      provide: HTTP_INTERCEPTORS, useClass: ErrorInterceptor, multi: true
    }
  ]

Authentication Interceptor
CLI command: ng generate interceptor auth.
import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
import { HttpEvent, HttpHandler, HttpInterceptor, HttpRequest } from '@angular/common/http';
import { Observable } from 'rxjs';
import { AuthService } from './auth.service'; // Service to get the token

@Injectable()
export class AuthInterceptor implements HttpInterceptor {
  constructor(private authService: AuthService) {}

  intercept(req: HttpRequest<any>, next: HttpHandler): Observable<HttpEvent<any>> {
    // Get the token from the AuthService
    const authToken = this.authService.getToken();

    // Clone the request and add the Authorization header
    const authReq = authToken
      ? req.clone({
          headers: req.headers.set('Authorization', `Bearer ${authToken}`),
        })
      : req;

    return next.handle(authReq);
  }
}

Create the AuthService
import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';

@Injectable({
  providedIn: 'root',
})
export class AuthService {
  private token: string | null = null;

  // Simulate storing and retrieving the token
  setToken(token: string): void {
    this.token = token;
  }

  getToken(): string | null {
    return this.token;
  }

  clearToken(): void {
    this.token = null;
  }
}

Register the Interceptor
import { NgModule } from '@angular/core';
import { HTTP_INTERCEPTORS } from '@angular/common/http';
import { AuthInterceptor } from './auth.interceptor';

@NgModule({
  providers: [
    {
      provide: HTTP_INTERCEPTORS,
      useClass: AuthInterceptor,
      multi: true, // Allow multiple interceptors
    },
  ],
})
export class AppModule {}

Handle Token Expiration
import { Router } from '@angular/router';
import { catchError } from 'rxjs/operators';
import { throwError } from 'rxjs';

@Injectable()
export class AuthInterceptor implements HttpInterceptor {
  constructor(private authService: AuthService, private router: Router) {}

  intercept(req: HttpRequest<any>, next: HttpHandler): Observable<HttpEvent<any>> {
    const authToken = this.authService.getToken();

    const authReq = authToken
      ? req.clone({
          headers: req.headers.set('Authorization', `Bearer ${authToken}`),
        })
      : req;

    return next.handle(authReq).pipe(
      catchError((error) => {
        if (error.status === 401) {
          // Redirect to login page on unauthorized response
          this.authService.clearToken();
          this.router.navigate(['/login']);
        }
        return throwError(error);
      })
    );
  }
}

With this post, we'll use Recharts with an Angular frontend and a Node.js backend to build a dashboard with stunning charts.

To concentrate on the UI for the time being, we will use hardcoded data. Real data can be connected later.

1.1 Install Angular CLI
Make sure you have Node.js installed. Then install Angular CLI globally:
npm install -g @angular/cli

1.2 Create a New Angular Project
ng new dashboard-app
cd dashboard-app

1.3  Create the Dashboard Component
We’ll create a DashboardComponent with hardcoded data for revenue, user activity, and sales. The component uses Chart.js to render three charts: a line chart for revenue, a line chart for user activity, and a bar chart for sales by category.

Here’s the code for dashboard.component.ts:
import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
import { CommonModule } from '@angular/common';
import { Chart } from 'chart.js/auto';

interface ChartData {
  month: string;
  revenue: number;
}

@Component({
  selector: 'app-dashboard',
  standalone: true,
  imports: [CommonModule],
  template: `
    <div class="dashboard-container p-8">
      <h1 class="text-4xl font-bold mb-8">Dashboard</h1>

      <!-- Stats Grid -->
      <div class="stats-grid mb-8">
        <div class="stat-card" *ngFor="let stat of stats">
          <div class="stat-header">
            <span class="stat-title">{{stat.title}}</span>
            <i class="stat-icon" [class]="stat.icon"></i>
          </div>
          <div class="stat-value">{{stat.value}}</div>
        </div>
      </div>

      <!-- Charts -->
      <div class="charts-grid mb-8">
        <div class="chart-container">
          <canvas id="revenueChart"></canvas>
        </div>
        <div class="chart-container">
          <canvas id="userActivityChart"></canvas>
        </div>
      </div>

      <div class="chart-container">
        <canvas id="salesChart"></canvas>
      </div>
    </div>
  `,
  styles: [`
    .dashboard-container {
      max-width: 1400px;
      margin: 0 auto;
    }

    .stats-grid {
      display: grid;
      grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(250px, 1fr));
      gap: 1rem;
    }

    .stat-card {
      background: white;
      padding: 1.5rem;
      border-radius: 8px;
      box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
    }

    .stat-header {
      display: flex;
      justify-content: space-between;
      align-items: center;
      margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    }

    .stat-title {
      font-size: 0.875rem;
      color: #64748b;
    }

    .stat-value {
      font-size: 1.5rem;
      font-weight: bold;
      color: #1e293b;
    }

    .charts-grid {
      display: grid;
      grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(400px, 1fr));
      gap: 1rem;
    }

    .chart-container {
      background: white;
      padding: 1rem;
      border-radius: 8px;
      box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
    }
  `]
})
export class DashboardComponent implements OnInit {
  stats = [
    { title: 'Total Revenue', value: '$443,000', icon: 'bi bi-currency-dollar' },
    { title: 'Average Order', value: '$245', icon: 'bi bi-credit-card' },
    { title: 'Total Customers', value: '12.5K', icon: 'bi bi-people' },
    { title: 'Total Orders', value: '8.2K', icon: 'bi bi-cart' }
  ];

  revenueData = {
    labels: ['Jan', 'Feb', 'Mar', 'Apr', 'May', 'Jun', 'Jul', 'Aug', 'Sep', 'Oct', 'Nov', 'Dec'],
    datasets: [{
      label: 'Revenue',
      data: [24000, 26000, 32000, 28000, 35000, 42000, 39000, 45000, 48000, 52000, 49000, 55000],
      borderColor: 'rgb(75, 192, 192)',
      tension: 0.1
    }]
  };

  userActivityData = {
    labels: ['Mon', 'Tue', 'Wed', 'Thu', 'Fri', 'Sat', 'Sun'],
    datasets: [
      {
        label: 'Active Users',
        data: [3200, 3800, 4200, 3900, 3600, 2900, 2800],
        borderColor: 'rgb(75, 192, 192)',
        tension: 0.1
      },
      {
        label: 'New Users',
        data: [1400, 1600, 1800, 1500, 1300, 1000, 900],
        borderColor: 'rgb(255, 99, 132)',
        tension: 0.1
      }
    ]
  };

  salesData = {
    labels: ['Electronics', 'Clothing', 'Books', 'Home', 'Sports'],
    datasets: [{
      label: 'Sales by Category',
      data: [42000, 28000, 15000, 22000, 18000],
      backgroundColor: [
        'rgba(255, 99, 132, 0.5)',
        'rgba(54, 162, 235, 0.5)',
        'rgba(255, 206, 86, 0.5)',
        'rgba(75, 192, 192, 0.5)',
        'rgba(153, 102, 255, 0.5)'
      ]
    }]
  };

  constructor() {}

  ngOnInit(): void {
    this.createCharts();
  }

  private createCharts(): void {
    // Revenue Chart
    new Chart('revenueChart', {
      type: 'line',
      data: this.revenueData,
      options: {
        responsive: true,
        maintainAspectRatio: false
      }
    });

    // User Activity Chart
    new Chart('userActivityChart', {
      type: 'line',
      data: this.userActivityData,
      options: {
        responsive: true,
        maintainAspectRatio: false
      }
    });

    // Sales Chart
    new Chart('salesChart', {
      type: 'bar',
      data: this.salesData,
      options: {
        responsive: true,
        maintainAspectRatio: false
      }
    });
  }
}

Code in app.component.ts
import { Component } from '@angular/core';
import { RouterOutlet } from '@angular/router';
import { CommonModule } from '@angular/common';

@Component({
  selector: 'app-root',
  standalone: true,
  imports: [RouterOutlet, CommonModule],
  template: `
    <div class="app-container">
      <router-outlet></router-outlet>
    </div>
  `,
  styles: [`
    .app-container {
      min-height: 100vh;
      background-color: #f8f9fa;
      padding: 1rem;
    }
  `]
})
export class AppComponent {
  title = 'dashboard';
}

Code for not-found.component.ts
import { Component } from '@angular/core';
import { CommonModule } from '@angular/common';

@Component({
  selector: 'app-not-found',
  standalone: true,
  imports: [CommonModule],
  template: `
    <div class="not-found-container">
      <div class="error-card">
        <div class="error-header">
          <i class="bi bi-exclamation-circle text-red-500"></i>
          <h1>404 Page Not Found</h1>
        </div>
        <p>The page you're looking for doesn't exist.</p>
      </div>
    </div>
  `,
  styles: [`
    .not-found-container {
      min-height: 100vh;
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: center;
      background-color: #f8f9fa;
      padding: 1rem;
    }

    .error-card {
      background: white;
      padding: 2rem;
      border-radius: 8px;
      box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
      max-width: 400px;
      width: 100%;
    }

    .error-header {
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      gap: 0.5rem;
      margin-bottom: 1rem;
    }

    h1 {
      font-size: 1.5rem;
      font-weight: bold;
      color: #1e293b;
    }

    p {
      color: #64748b;
    }
  `]
})
export class NotFoundComponent {}

import { Routes } from '@angular/router';

export const routes: Routes = [
  {
    path: '',
    loadComponent: () => import('./dashboard/dashboard.component')
      .then(m => m.DashboardComponent)
  },
  {
    path: '**',
    loadComponent: () => import('./not-found/not-found.component')
      .then(m => m.NotFoundComponent)
  }
];

Server Side code - index.js
import express, { type Request, Response, NextFunction } from "express";
import { registerRoutes } from "./routes";
import path from "path";
import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
import { dirname } from "path";

const __filename = fileURLToPath(import.meta.url);
const __dirname = dirname(__filename);

const app = express();
app.use(express.json());
app.use(express.urlencoded({ extended: false }));

// Logging middleware
app.use((req, res, next) => {
  const start = Date.now();
  const path = req.path;
  let capturedJsonResponse: Record<string, any> | undefined = undefined;

  const originalResJson = res.json;
  res.json = function (bodyJson, ...args) {
    capturedJsonResponse = bodyJson;
    return originalResJson.apply(res, [bodyJson, ...args]);
  };

  res.on("finish", () => {
    const duration = Date.now() - start;
    if (path.startsWith("/api")) {
      let logLine = `${req.method} ${path} ${res.statusCode} in ${duration}ms`;
      if (capturedJsonResponse) {
        logLine += ` :: ${JSON.stringify(capturedJsonResponse)}`;
      }

      if (logLine.length > 80) {
        logLine = logLine.slice(0, 79) + "…";
      }

      console.log(`${new Date().toLocaleTimeString()} [express] ${logLine}`);
    }
  });

  next();
});

(async () => {
  const server = await registerRoutes(app);

  app.use((err: any, _req: Request, res: Response, _next: NextFunction) => {
    const status = err.status || err.statusCode || 500;
    const message = err.message || "Internal Server Error";
    res.status(status).json({ message });
    throw err;
  });

  // Serve static files from the Angular build output directory
  const distPath = path.resolve(__dirname, "..", "dist", "public");
  app.use(express.static(distPath));

  // Always return index.html for any non-API routes (Angular routing)
  app.get("*", (_req, res) => {
    res.sendFile(path.join(distPath, "index.html"));
  });

  const port = 5000;
  server.listen({
    port,
    host: "0.0.0.0",
    reusePort: true,
  }, () => {
    console.log(`${new Date().toLocaleTimeString()} [express] serving on port ${port}`);
  });
})();

angular.json file
{
  "$schema": "./node_modules/@angular/cli/lib/config/schema.json",
  "version": 1,
  "newProjectRoot": "projects",
  "projects": {
    "dashboard": {
      "projectType": "application",
      "schematics": {},
      "root": "client",
      "sourceRoot": "client/src",
      "prefix": "app",
      "architect": {
        "build": {
          "builder": "@angular-devkit/build-angular:browser",
          "options": {
            "outputPath": "dist/public",
            "index": "client/src/index.html",
            "main": "client/src/main.ts",
            "polyfills": ["zone.js"],
            "tsConfig": "tsconfig.json",
            "assets": [
              "client/src/favicon.ico",
              "client/src/assets"
            ],
            "styles": [
              "client/src/styles.css",
              "node_modules/bootstrap-icons/font/bootstrap-icons.css"
            ],
            "scripts": []
          },
          "configurations": {
            "production": {
              "budgets": [
                {
                  "type": "initial",
                  "maximumWarning": "500kb",
                  "maximumError": "1mb"
                },
                {
                  "type": "anyComponentStyle",
                  "maximumWarning": "2kb",
                  "maximumError": "4kb"
                }
              ],
              "fileReplacements": [
                {
                  "replace": "client/src/environments/environment.ts",
                  "with": "client/src/environments/environment.prod.ts"
                }
              ],
              "outputHashing": "all"
            },
            "development": {
              "buildOptimizer": false,
              "optimization": false,
              "vendorChunk": true,
              "extractLicenses": false,
              "sourceMap": true,
              "namedChunks": true
            }
          },
          "defaultConfiguration": "production"
        },
        "serve": {
          "builder": "@angular-devkit/build-angular:dev-server",
          "configurations": {
            "production": {
              "browserTarget": "dashboard:build:production"
            },
            "development": {
              "browserTarget": "dashboard:build:development"
            }
          },
          "defaultConfiguration": "development"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

This post showed how to use Angular and Node.js to create an eye-catching dashboard. We produced adaptable and interactive charts that make data come to life by utilizing Chart.js. This stack is perfect for creating scalable apps because of Angular's modular design and Node.js's speed. Additional charts, authentication, and the integration of real-time data sources are possible future enhancements. You may design dashboards of expert quality that meet your demands with this base.